Buddha did not teach "belief". Buddha taught practices ... things that you actually do (and not just meditation).
Buddha told every one to NOT blinding belief.
Doesn't matter whether or not you agree with Buddhism. As a Buddhist you aren't supposed to agree with someone else. You are supposed to look inward, and with the clarity of the calm meditative mind, observe what goes on inside of you. Instead of clinging to beliefs, you let go of beliefs .. both belief AND non-belief. All things that you cling to, to try to feel safe and secure, to try to feel the ground under your feet .. you must let go of and learn to relax in this very moment instead.
The "rules" of Buddhism are not rules. They are guidelines, they are instructions. Just as someone who wants to become a champion figure skater will listen to the instructions and guidelines that their skating coach gives them, will take those guidelines and practice them continually until they master them .. so, too, if you want to reach enlightenment, you will take Buddha's guidelines and follow them.
Hey .. you don't have to follow them. It's up to you whether or not you free yourself from your self-created unhappiness. No one is twisting your arm.
It's just that .. no figure skater becomes skilled by sitting by ignoring their coach and by not practicing ... no Buddhist gets to THEIR goal without self-discipline and proper action.
Is Buddhism atheistic? Buddha never discussed God.
Is the skating coach atheistic? The skating coach never discussed God with his student-skaters. That's because skating has nothing to do with "belief".
And neither does Buddhism.
It's up to you whether you want to be a theist or an atheist. You can be either and still be a Buddhist.
But sooner or later, you will see that "belief" is a safety raft, an attachment, a way to try to feel safe in this vast uncertainty of life.
HOW DO YOU KNOW IF YOU ARE A BUDDHIST?
You have practiced daily for a minimum of 3-8 years and have begun to have some insight into how you respond to life and to your own self as well. You have started to feel in your very gut (not just see in your head) the sequence of attachment leading to suffering ... and you have started to develop that sense of mindfulness, both in meditation and also brief moments of it outside of meditation.
AT THIS POINT, when you say your refuge chants to the Buddha-dharma-sangha, you KNOW that this IS what matters in life.
The whole idea of not doing things you want to do (the Five Precepts) ... helps you see more clearly. Normally, when we are caught doing something, we feel a moment of panic and fear, and then we "ease" that negative feeling by lying to the person. A Buddhist does not run away from their panic or fear .. instead, they tell the truth. They use the mindfulness they have acquired through meditation, to observe what is happening inside them. And THIS is how you see that suffering causes attachment. You don't see it as a concept .. you see it, inside yourself, as it happens .. as an event.
Now, if you had just run from it by lying, you never would have seen it.
And that is why Buddhists do not lie, steal, cheat, get drunk, hurt others (through sexual activity or any other activity) .. there is no more running away from yourself by using some coping mechanism or distraction.
You must face what you do NOT want to face.
Honey .. you can't even face following a few simple guidelines. If you think you have the emotional courage to change your life, find yourself a live, qualified Buddhist coach (usually an ordained monk or nun). Westerners who try to go it alone usually don't understand what they are doing and end up stuck in dead-end alleys instead of progressing down the path. Buddhism will change your life, in just the ways it claims to .. but not if you are heading in the wrong direction.
The Buddhist “learns to watch changes occurring in all physical experiences, in feelings and in perceptions. He learns to study his own mental activities and the fluctuations in the character of consciousness itself. All of these changes are occurring perpetually and are present in every moment of our experiences. Meditation is a living activity, an inherently experiential activity. It cannot be taught as a purely scholastic subject.” (“Mindfulness in Plain English” by Venerable H. Gunaratana Mahayhera, a Theravadan Buddhist teacher)