Your question: "Why do people subscribe to science?"
Your term "subscribe to" is undefined.
sub·scribe
verb
1. To arrange to receive something regularly, typically a publication, by paying in advance.
2. To express or feel agreement with (an idea or proposal).
I suppose you using the second definition below, which is about how some people think, not about science.
Your attempt to generalize from sparse data to all human beings who read science texts:
"Repeating things from school which are called "facts" gleaned from experts isn't any different from quoting a bible. If someone were to grow up being told that blue is red, they would think that blue is red. If someone reads a science article, they're just repeating the words, much like religion."
Sorry, but I cannot help you on that one. I am sure that there must be some readers like that, but it is not reasonable to assume all readers are like that. It is your fantasy, not reality.
You are mistaken to believe that science is like religion at all, regardless of how some readers allegedly think.
sci·ence
noun
The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.
re·li·gion
noun
The belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods.
As you can see, the two things are not even related. Unlike religion, science claims are dynamic. Knowledge changes due to new technology, new data, and new ideas about how to analyze phenomena. Religion is static, typically claiming to be the source of all relevant, unalterable truth.
What you really want to know is why some people believe without question what they read. The answer varies from person to person, and can also change due to improvement in critical thinking, knowledge, and experience. To be able to evaluate claims of any sort requires some background knowledge relevant to the subject at issue. That does not come naturally. People are born ignorant. They do not get any smarter just by growing older, and the knowledge and thinking skills they acquire is often limited by their cultural environment.
Science claims cover a broad array of information and knowledge, often quite accurate, and sometimes fraudulent or just plain stupid. Relatively few people are educated enough to make evaluations of a broad range of claims that are not common and obvious. And not all scientists or people posing as scientists are sufficiently educated to make any significant evaluation of science claims.
Being a scientist of some sort, even a scientist who is an absolute expert on some subject, does not make the person any more knowledgeable about things outside their specialty. There is so much to study and so much knowledge accumulated that no one person can know it all.
People really ought to question what they believe and why they believe it. There are entire industries--hugely profitable--built on pseudoscience. The medical marijuana industry and the psychiatric industry are two prime examples.
But that is not what you are asking about.
With those things in mind, in answer to your question:
It is our natural inclination to acquire behaviors including cognitive and perceptual schemas by doing what we observe others doing, even from what we can construct mentally as models of what others might do. There is a neural basis for this, but even though such behavior is observable, until quite recently it was not known why such behavior occurs.
Neuropsychology | Mirror Neuron System:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/mirror...
Social Psychology | Conformity:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asch_confor...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_exp...
Cognitive Psychology | Schemas:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies
Cognitive Behavioral Psychology | Observational Learning:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observational_learning
In the philosophy of science, people want to determine if what they believe is true, and if not, revise their claims. Some things remain unknown, and all knowledge is open to critical review.
How to Think vs. What to Think: A good thing to know when considering the broader implications of human history, popular culture, infotainment, and various political appeals.
• Critical thinking (sometimes called critical reasoning) is the set of skills and knowledge required to determine if claims are true, false, or indeterminate possibly due to insufficient data.
o One half of critical thinking is a broad range of relevant knowledge.
o The other half of critical thinking is formal logic, which by itself sans relevant knowledge is worse than useless except for math and games, perhaps. (That is because logic is not necessarily based on the real world and unreal claims can be logically analyzed just as readily as realistic claims.)
The limitations of knowledge or the fallibility of one’s own mind is not at all obvious to many of us, I am sure. It is extremely difficult to evaluate culturally acquired claims sans rational cognitive schemas. Those sorts of schemas do not naturally develop in one’s mind simply by growing older and are not commonly taught in public education.
Critical thinking can only develop by learning underlying principles, acquiring a broad array of relevant knowledge, and by practice applying critique to claims.
• Haskins, Greg R.
A Practical Guide to Critical Thinking
http://skepdic.com/essays/Haskins.html
• List of Fallacies
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies